Macular degeneration is a painless disorder that affects the retina in one, or more usually, both eyes. This condition can result in rapid loss of vision.
What will happen if you are referred with possible macular degeneration?
We will assess your vision and your symptoms. If appropriate, photographs of the be will be taken.
Treatment may not be advised if you do not have symptoms or your vision is already quote poor.
An appointment will be made to discuss a treatment plan, if we feel it is appropriate.
Main forms of macular degeneration
- Dry macular: The macula slowly becomes weaker with atrophy (wearing away).
- Wet macular: Vision is lost because of the development of abnormal blood vessels.
- Others: The commonest of these is retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) detachments. The RPE is a layer under the retina and fluid may form under this pushing the retina forward.
Why do people get macular degeneration?
The exact cause of macular degeneration is unknown, but this could be because of:
- Genetic and environmental factors.
- Age.
- Wet macular degeneration is a bit more frequent in those who smoke, have blood pressure and are overweight.
- Diet
How is macular degeneration diagnosed?
We use the following to help with diagnosis:
- fluorescein angiography
- indocyanine green
- optical coherence tomography
Our visual rehabilitation and low visual aid services provide expert guidance and support to help if you have severe visual impairment.
Treatments
Eylea and lucentis
Eyela and lucentis will be given as injections into the eye as an outpatient.
Photodynamic therapy
Involves injecting into a blood vessel in the arm a photosensitive dye.
There is no treatment possible for dry macular degeneration. Supplements and dietary changes may help slow the process of dry ARMD down.
What will happen if no treatment is given?
If you have no treatment, you will not lose your vision entirely. Only the central vision is affected. If you notice a problem in your good eye, please get in touch with the team urgently.
Visual Hallucinations (Charles Bonnet Syndrome)
People with poor vision can experience unusual, flashing or whirling lights. You may also start seeing shapes, animals or people that you know are not real. It usually settles down over time without any intervention.
What extra help can be given?
We can arrange a clinic appointment for their assessment. Registration of poor vision may provide extra help.
A visual rehabilitation officer is available at the Royal Victoria Infirmary:
Tel: 0191 282 0221.
