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Home > About Newcastle Hospitals > Information leaflets and helpful resources > In vitro fertilisation (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) – information for patients having treatment > Scheduling appointment and planning for pregnancy

Scheduling appointment and planning for pregnancy

On this page

  1. Scheduling appointment
  2. Social media 
  3. Tests
  4. Screening for HIV, Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C
  5. Preparation for pregnancy
  6. Complementary therapies
  7. Venous Thromboembolism (VTE)
  8. Emotional support
  9. Prescriptions
  10. Injections
  11. Needles and syringes
  12. Appointments for treatment

Scheduling appointment

This is a face-to-face appointment with a member of our nursing team. If you are seeking treatment as a couple both partners must attend this appointment. If you are a single woman seeking treatment, you might find it helpful to have a friend or family member attend the appointment with you.

The nursing team will answer any further queries that you have and make sure you are ready to commence your treatment cycle. If you are happy to proceed to treatment, we will then help you to choose your dates for starting treatment. While we will do our best to accommodate your preference for a specific treatment date it is not always possible.

You will be given a treatment plan listing the medication regime, scan and procedure dates for you to refer to throughout your treatment. The fertility nurse will teach you how to do the injections and you will have a go at practicing this yourself.

During this session, we will provide you with an equipment pack. This includes all the needles, syringes and other equipment that you need for the fertility injections and a sharps disposal bin for your used needles.

Social media 

Social media is a big part of modern life, and we understand that you might want to share your fertility treatment story. We know that some of you feel this gives you a network of support and that it can help lessen the stigma you feel surrounding fertility treatment.

We respect your choice to do this but ask that you respect the privacy of our staff and most importantly the privacy of other patients. This means that we would prefer that you do not photograph or record the staff (either in picture or sound) delivering care or speaking with you on the telephone.

If you do decide to record yourself attending the clinic, this should only be done when staff are not present and when you are in an enclosed room so that there is no risk of accidentally videoing other patients. We appreciate that your fertility journey is personal to you and any recordings must remain the same.

Tests

You will have had several tests done before treatment.

Find out more information about tests

Screening for HIV, Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C

This test is done for everyone pre-treatment. These viral infections have implications for individuals’ health and wellbeing as well as those of any child who can be infected during pregnancy and childbirth.  It is therefore valuable to be screened prior to planned fertility treatment so that if necessary appropriate management can be planned. A positive result does not prevent you from undergoing fertility treatment but further assessment and or treatment is likely to be necessary before proceeding.

We are required to screen for these viral infections prior to storing embryos, sperm or eggs.  We are currently unable to store embryos, sperm or eggs for couples where one or both partners test positive.  The screening tests for these infections will occasionally result in an equivocal or false positive result.  A diagnosis of infection is not made until a formal diagnostic test confirms it.

Viral infection screening must be completed every two years while you are undergoing treatment.

You may require further blood tests for assessment of any fertility or medical problems prior to treatment. These tests will be explained to you, as they are undertaken.

Preparation for pregnancy

There are a number of things you should be aware of when planning a pregnancy. We would like to help you to be as healthy as possible.

Folic acid

All women who are trying to conceive are advised to take FOLIC ACID 400micrograms daily to reduce the risk of a baby born with spina bifida. It is often cheaper to buy this over the counter at a chemist than on prescription. In some situations – if there is a personal or family history of spina bifida or when the woman is taking some medications e.g. some antiepileptic drugs it is advisable to take a higher dose.  If you are uncertain about this, please don’t hesitate to ask.

Vitamins

Vitamin D helps us to absorb the right amount of calcium and phosphate. This is particularly important in pregnancy as it helps to develop baby’s teeth, bones, heart and nervous system. In the UK, approximately 1 in 5 people have a deficiency in vitamin D. This is especially common in Asian women. Women who are obese also tend to have lower levels of vitamin D. Low levels of vitamin D may affect reproductive health and may increase the risks of pregnancy. You are advised to take a 10micrograms vitamin D supplement when trying to conceive.

Do not take vitamin A supplements or any supplements containing vitamin A (retinol), as too much vitamin A could harm your baby.

Alcohol

The Chief Medical Officers for the UK recommend that if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, the safest approach is not to drink alcohol at all to keep risks to your baby to a minimum.

There is no completely safe level of drinking, but sticking within the guidelines lowers your risk of harming your health. Men and women are advised not to regularly drink more than 14 units a week. Heavy drinking reduces fertility in men and women.

Smoking

Research suggests that women who smoke are less likely to conceive following IVF treatment.  There is also good evidence that smoking reduces the quality of sperm. There are well-known health benefits in stopping smoking.  Both men and women are strongly advised to stop smoking before embarking on fertility treatment.

If you would like help to stop smoking please speak to the nurses who can offer you advice or telephone the NHS Smoking Helpline 0300 123 1044 or visit the stop smoking in pregnancy – NHS website.

Women seeking NHS funded IVF treatment must be non-smokers. Men with sperm problems must also be non-smokers before accessing NHS funded IVF treatment. 

Weight

It is important for both partners to maintain a healthy BMI. Your BMI is your body mass index and is calculated from your weight and your height. An ideal BMI is in the 19 to 25 range. A BMI of 25-30 is overweight and over 30 is obese.

You can use the NHS BMI calculator to work out your BMI. Women must have a BMI less than 30 before starting treatment.

For women

BMI is over 30

If your BMI is over 30, it can take longer to conceive. Losing 5-10% of your body weight can lead to significant health benefits and increase your chances of getting pregnant and it will also reduce the risks in pregnancy. Joining a slimming group may improve your chance of successfully losing weight.

BMI is less than 19

The potential health risks of being obese include difficulties during pregnancy, labour and delivery.

If your BMI is less than 19; this may interfere with your periods and fertility, if this applies to you we may advise you that you would benefit from gaining weight. If you are underweight, you are also at higher risk of problems in pregnancy, labour and delivery.

For men

It is accepted that obesity (BMI>30) may have an adverse effect on sperm production. Men who have a suboptimal sperm test where it is believed that weight loss may improve fertility are advised to lose weight before pursuing fertility treatment.

NHS funding for IVF is only available to women with a BMI between 19 and 30. We will measure your BMI before we plan a treatment date for you. Some women will have their weight rechecked before starting the FSH injections. Your treatment may be cancelled if your BMI has increased beyond the agreed threshold.

Recreational drugs

We would advise both men and women not to use recreational drugs. They are harmful to your health, may reduce your fertility and they are harmful to potential children.

Cannabis in particular can affect sperm quality therefore should be avoided. The effect on sperm quality can be reversed.

Anabolic steroids are very harmful to sperm quality. It can take up to 18 months for sperm quality to get back to normal after stopping steroids and in some men, the effect on sperm quality will be permanent. Some protein supplements also contain steroids so such products should be avoided completely.

If you feel you require further support on stopping using recreational drugs please inform a member of staff.

Cervical smears

It is advised that you ensure that your smears are up to date prior to commencing fertility treatment so that any further assessment or treatment can be undertaken before any potential pregnancy.

Genetic problems

Please inform us if you aware of any conditions or illnesses that exist in your family. This will allow us to investigate any risks to you or any child that you may have and ensure that you receive appropriate advice and counselling. We may refer you to a genetics specialist who can offer you specialist advice and arrange further investigations.

Medical problems

If you suffer from any significant health problems, we would recommend you discuss the fact you are planning a pregnancy with the relevant health professionals.

There are a number of medications that are not safe for use in pregnancy therefore, it provides an opportunity to switch onto safer medications prior to pregnancy and allow your body to adapt to this change.

If you will be the woman carrying the pregnancy, it is important that all health problems are optimised prior to embarking on a pregnancy as it reduces the risk of complications such as miscarriage or ill health later in pregnancy which could result in a premature birth.

If you have any of the following conditions please seek advice before conceiving:

  • Diabetes
  • Epilepsy
  • Cardiac Disease
  • Hypertension
  • Renal Disease
  • Rheumatological disease
  • Inflammatory bowel disease
  • Haemoglobinopathies
  • Mental health illness

Infections

Sexually transmitted diseases caught at any time may create further problems when trying to conceive. It is also possible that vaginal infections at the time of embryo transfer reduce the chance of IVF working. If you are worried about this at any time, we encourage you to visit your local genitourinary medicine clinic.

Travel abroad

Travelling abroad may carry health risks for pregnant women or women who plan to get pregnant (e.g. Covid-19, Zika virus and Ebola). We advise any patients (male or female) who have recently travelled or are planning to travel abroad to refer to the department of health guidelines about any risks relating to pregnancy. If you are unsure about this, please discuss with the clinic staff.

To minimise the risk of Zika Virus transmission, female travellers (symptomatic or asymptomatic) should not try to conceive naturally, donate gametes or proceed with fertility treatment for 2 months. Male travellers (symptomatic or asymptomatic) should not try to conceive naturally, donate gametes or proceed with fertility treatment for 3 months. If a female partner becomes pregnant use of a condom is advised for oral, vaginal and anal sex during and after travel to a Zika area to prevent the developing foetus being exposed to the Zika virus.

To minimise the risk of Ebola transmission, egg donors and female fertility patients should defer from treatment or donation for 6 months after leaving an area affected at the time by an Ebola outbreak. Sperm donors and male fertility patients should defer from treatment or donation for 2 years after leaving an area affected at the time by an Ebola outbreak.

Covid-19 vaccination

People of reproductive age are advised to have the vaccine when they receive their invitation for vaccination. This includes those who are trying to have a baby as well as those who are thinking about having a baby, whether that is in the near future or in a few years’ time.

There is absolutely no evidence, and no theoretical reason, that any of the vaccines can affect the fertility of women or men.

Complementary therapies

At the moment, we do not have a good evidence base to recommend any complementary therapies. There are none that are proven to increase your chances of conceiving. We would not recommend the use of any herbal remedies, as we do not know how safe they are. However, if you are using complementary therapies such as massage or acupuncture to relieve stress and you are finding this helpful there is no reason why you should not continue doing so.

Venous Thromboembolism (VTE)

VTE, more commonly known as a blood clot, is an uncommon complication of IVF treatment and pregnancy but can be very serious if left untreated. Some women are more at risk of developing VTE based on their medical history or the medical history of close relatives. We will assess your VTE risk before you start your IVF treatment.

If you are considered to be at an increased risk, we will prescribe blood thinning injections either to go alongside your IVF injections or to start if you become pregnant.

If you have any other questions about planning a pregnancy, please ask a member of our nursing or medical staff and we would be happy to answer.

Emotional support

Counselling

We are aware that undergoing fertility investigations and treatment is stressful and can affect the most personal and private aspects of your life. Counselling can help to lessen potential feelings of isolation and confusion, and encourage you to recognise and understand your emotions and allow you to explore the options that you have available to make the decisions that are right for you.

We offer a counselling service that gives you the opportunity to talk to an empathic and impartial counsellor in a confidential setting. You may attend together or individually. Each session usually lasts for one hour and can be delivered face to face, on video or on the telephone.  

If you would like to see a counsellor, please email [email protected] and we will arrange an appointment or alternatively speak to a nurse or doctor who can arrange this for you.

Support groups

Support groups offer a chance to meet and share experiences with others who are also trying to conceive. You can participate as much, or as little, as you wish and sessions are informal. You can attend as a couple or individually. Peer support provides an opportunity to learn from others going through a similar experience.

Newcastle Fertility Support Group work closely with Fertility Network UK and is held on the second Monday of every month. Posters are displayed in the clinic. For more information email [email protected]

You can also join the closed Facebook group or search “northeastfertility”.

Prescriptions

NHS funded patients will have their prescription sent electronically to the RVI pharmacy and asked to go there to collect their medications. You will need to pay the standard NHS prescription charge per item on the prescription. Sometimes there can be multiple items on one script for a cycle of treatment.

Self-funded patients can also have their prescription sent electronically to the RVI pharmacy or can ask for a paper prescription to take to a pharmacy of their choice. You will be charged for the drugs when they are dispensed by the pharmacy. If you are a self-funded patient, we recommend that you shop around for the best price for your medications. Most pharmacies will need a few days’ notice to get fertility medications in stock for you.

Prescriptions sent to the RVI must be collected within one week of issue and you must ensure you have collected your drugs before you are due to start treatment.

Remember to check the expiry dates and storage instructions for each medicine.

Injections

We will teach you, your partner (if applicable), or a friend/family member to administer the injections.  Some patients are surprised to hear this, but it really is simple to learn, and much easier than having to visit your doctor every day. All the injections are given into the subcutaneous tissue (the layer of fat directly underneath your skin) using a small thin needle. The injections can be given in your stomach (anywhere below the belly button and above the hips) or your upper outer thighs. You can choose which you feel most comfortable with. Injections must be taken at the same time every day.  

If you choose not to do your own injections and wish to go to your GP, you must arrange for this yourself, remembering that some injections must be given at weekends or evenings. Unfortunately, we cannot arrange for injections to be given in the unit, as we do not have the staff available. 

Needles and syringes

You can collect needles, syringes, and a sharps box from the Newcastle Fertility Centre.  Please return the sharps box and any unused items to the centre for safe disposal.

Important

Please do not dispose of needles in your general household waste/recycling.

Appointments for treatment

Getting time off work for appointments can be difficult. Some people find it helpful to discuss what is happening with their employer, others don’t. We can provide proof of your appointments if requested.

The minimum number of appointments are as follows. If you are having treatment as a couple then attendance of both partners is essential for the appointments in bold, although partners are welcome to attend at any point

  1. Scheduling appointment
  2. Starting scan
  3. Monitoring scan(s)
  4. Final scan
  5. Egg collection
  6. Embryo transfer

Please remember that the treatment dates are only an estimate of how your body will respond to the drugs. This means that we may have to alter the treatment dates in response to the scan results to ensure that you have the best chance of a successful outcome. This can sometimes be at very short notice.

Contact

If you have any questions or concerns throughout your treatment, you can email the fertility nurses.

We do our best to answer your call as soon as possible, but we are a very busy service, so we may not always have someone available to speak with you immediately. If the line is engaged, please try again later or use the nurse email address above. The telephone line is often quieter in the afternoon.

Outside of these hours, there is an on-call doctor available to speak to in emergencies only on 0191 256 8240. The on-call doctor is not able to change clinic appointments or to answer general queries that are not urgent. These types of calls must be made during clinic opening hours.

[email protected]

For more urgent queries, our telephone line is open 8am to 4.30pm Monday to Friday

0191 213 8213

Patient feedback

We welcome your opinions and feedback on areas you feel have gone well or suggestions you may have to help us improve our service.

If you have any problems during your treatment or are unhappy with the care you are receiving please contact the Senior Sister (Stacey Turnbull) on 0191 213 8213.

Fertility treatment is sometimes upsetting and frustrating particularly when things do not go quite to plan or you do not get the outcome you had hoped for. Sometimes having a chat with us will help relieve some of the tension and frustrations you may be feeling. We are always willing to listen.

Data sources

  • World Health Organization (WHO),
  • Human Fertilisation & Embryology Authority (HFEA) & Local Policies
Page last updated: 30/10/2026

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Audience: Patients

Topic: Fertility, IVF and ICSI

Type: Patient information leaflets

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